Sukhoi Su-57: Russia’s Fifth-Generation Stealth Fighter
The Sukhoi Su-57 is Russia’s answer to modern aerial warfare and a bold attempt to challenge Western dominance in fifth-generation fighter aircraft. Developed by Sukhoi, a subsidiary of United Aircraft Corporation, the Su-57 combines stealth, speed, agility, and advanced avionics in a single airframe intended to redefine the capabilities of the Russian Aerospace Forces (VKS).
This article explores the development, capabilities, challenges, and global impact of the Su-57 program.
Overview
- Name: Sukhoi Su-57
- NATO Reporting Name: Felon
- Role: Multirole Stealth Air Superiority and Strike Fighter
- Manufacturer: Sukhoi Design Bureau
- Operator: Russian Aerospace Forces
- First Flight: January 29, 2010
- Entered Service: Officially in 2020 (limited numbers)
Design and Stealth Features
The Su-57 features a stealth-optimized airframe with radar-absorbing materials and internal weapons bays. Unlike American stealth jets like the F-22 or F-35, the Su-57 balances stealth with supermaneuverability, making it more agile in close-combat situations.
Key Stealth Features:
- Reduced radar cross-section (RCS) through angular design and composites.
- Internal carriage of missiles and bombs to minimize radar signature.
- Infrared and electromagnetic emission suppression systems.
Performance and Specifications
| Feature | Specification |
| Maximum Speed | Mach 2.0+ |
| Range | ~3,500 km without refueling |
| Service Ceiling | 20,000 meters (65,600 feet) |
| Engines | 2 × Saturn AL-41F1 (initially); future variants expected with Izdeliye 30 engines |
| Thrust Vectoring | Yes – 3D thrust vectoring |
| Weapons | Air-to-air, air-to-ground, anti-ship missiles, bombs, and possibly nuclear-capable payloads |
Avionics and Combat Systems
The Su-57 boasts an advanced avionics suite, incorporating artificial intelligence and data fusion.
- Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar – N036 Byelka radar system
- Infrared Search and Track (IRST) – allows detection of enemy aircraft without using radar
- Advanced Electronic Warfare (EW) and jamming systems
- Helmet-mounted display and full-glass cockpit
- Network-centric warfare capabilities with data-link support
Su-57 vs F-22 and F-35
| Feature | Su-57 | F-22 Raptor | F-35 Lightning II |
| Stealth | Moderate | Very High | High |
| Maneuverability | Extremely High (3D TVC) | High | Medium |
| Avionics | Advanced but less mature | Mature and battle-tested | Highly advanced |
| Combat Radius | Higher than F-22 | Moderate | Long range (F-35A) |
| Production Volume | Low (under 30 as of 2025) | ~180 operational | 1,000+ globally |
Bottom Line: While the Su-57 excels in maneuverability and versatility, it still lags behind in stealth and technological maturity compared to American fifth-gen fighters.
Operational History
- The Su-57 was combat tested in Syria in 2018 and later years to validate its systems in real-world conditions.
- As of 2025, fewer than 30 Su-57s are believed to be in operational service, with plans to procure up to 76 units by 2028.
Challenges and Criticism
Despite its ambition, the Su-57 program has faced significant hurdles:
- Engine Development Delays – The intended Izdeliye 30 engine is still in testing.
- Cost and Sanctions – Western sanctions on Russia have disrupted supply chains and funding.
- Low Production Rate – Limited serial production due to budget and technology constraints.
- Export Uncertainty – Prospective buyers like India withdrew (FGFA program), citing performance gaps.
Export Potential
Russia aims to position the Su-57 as a competitive export product under the name Su-57E, but high costs and political risks have limited its appeal. Nations like Algeria and possibly Myanmar have shown interest, but no firm deals have been concluded.
The Su-75 “Checkmate” Connection
The Su-57 shares design principles with the Su-75 Checkmate, a new single-engine fifth-generation fighter under development. The Checkmate is aimed at lower-cost export markets and may inherit several technologies from the Su-57 program.
Conclusion
The Sukhoi Su-57 is a bold step in Russian aerospace innovation, blending stealth, speed, and raw dogfighting capability. Though it faces issues in production and adoption, it represents a strategic asset for Russia and a reminder that fifth-generation airpower is no longer a Western monopoly.
If technological and production hurdles are overcome, the Su-57 may evolve into a formidable frontline fighter in the coming decade — especially as global air forces transition toward sixth-generation platforms.
